What is Lp(a)?
Lipoprotein(a) is a type of lipoprotein, which is a particle made of fat and protein. It carries cholesterol and other fats through the bloodstream. Structurally similar to low-density lipoprotein (LDL), often referred to as "bad cholesterol," Lp(a) includes an additional protein called apolipoprotein(a). The presence of apolipoprotein(a) makes Lp(a) behave differently and influences its role in cardiovascular disease.
The Dangers of Elevated Lp(a)
High levels of Lp(a) in the blood are considered a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, heart attack, and stroke. Elevated Lp(a) can contribute to:
Atherosclerosis: Lp(a) can deposit cholesterol in the walls of arteries, leading to plaque formation and artery narrowing, which reduces blood flow.
Thrombosis: The unique structure of Lp(a) promotes the formation of blood clots, increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
Inflammation: Lp(a) has pro-inflammatory properties that can exacerbate arterial damage.
Genetic Influence
Unlike other cholesterol types that are influenced significantly by diet and lifestyle, Lp(a) levels are primarily determined by genetics. This means that people with elevated Lp(a) levels often inherit the condition, and traditional cholesterol-lowering strategies like diet and exercise have minimal impact on reducing Lp(a).
Latest Developments in Treatments
Understanding the significant role of Lp(a) in cardiovascular disease has spurred intense research into finding effective treatments. Continuing advancements in medical research offer hope to patients who had few options until recently. From innovative procedures to cutting-edge genetic therapies, the fight against high Lp(a) levels is gaining momentum and NHI is part of that effort.
Consult your healthcare provider if you have concerns about your Lp(a) levels and cardiovascular risk.
Stay tuned to the latest medical developments by visiting www.nationalheartinstitute.org to learn more. Explore NHI’s cutting-edge clinical trials that are currently enrolling.
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